DAY 3
1. Management is the process of working with and through other to achieve organizational objectives in a changing environment”. In the light of this statement explain briefly the characteristics of management.
2. “Without management, the resources of production. will remain resources and shall never become production”. In the light of this statement explain the importance of management in business.
3. Explain briefly the important features of management as a profession.
4. Is management an exact science ? Explain.
5. Is management becoming a profession ? Discuss in the light of the emerging trend.
6. “Co-ordination is the process of achieving unity of action among inter-dependant activities and departments of an organisation. Explain the nature of coordination in the light of this statement.
Ans. 1. The following basic characteristics of management highlight its nature :
1. Management is a goal – oriented process : An organisation has a set of basic goal which are the basic reason for its existence. These goals should be simple and clearly stated. Management unites the efforts of different individuals in the organisation towards achieving these goals. For example, a firm decides to sell 1000 TV sets in particular year. The manager will plan a course of action and organize the activities to achieve this goal.
2. Management is a group activity : An organization is a group of diverse individuals with different needs. Every member of the group has a different purpose for joining the organization. But as members of the organization they work towards achieving the common organizational goal. This requires team work and coordination of individual efforts in a common direction.
Management as a team can contribute more effectively and efficiently rather than individuals.
3. Management is an intangible force : Management cannot be seen. The effect of management is noticeable in an organisation where targets are met according to plans, employees are happy and satisfied, and there is orderliness instead of chaos and there is coordination in the working environment.
4. Management is all pervasive : Management is virtually applied to every type of organisation, whatever its size or purpose. An auto plant, a city government, a cricket team, a hospital or a school all require management, a cricket team, a hospital or a school all require management. Moreover, what managers do inIndia, the USA, Germany or Japan is the same. How they do it may be quite different. This difference is due to the differences in culture, tradition and history.
5. Management is multidimensional : Management is a complex activity which has three main dimensions.
i) Management of work
ii) Management of people
iii) Management of operation
6. Management is a continuous process : Management process is a series of continuous, composite but separate functions (planning, organizing, staffing and controlling). But these functions are inter-dependent. They are simultaneously performed by all managers all the time.
7. Management is a dynamic function : Management is a dynamic function and has to adapt itself to the changing environment. An organization interacts with its external environment which consists of various social, economic and political factors. In order to be successful, an organization must change itself and its goals according to the needs of the environment.
Ans.2 The resources of production are Man, Machine, Material and Money. It is the mgt. which works in the direction of bringing these resources together and convert them into production thus achieving the organizational social and personal objectives.
Ans. 5 Yes, management is, by and large becoming a profession :-
This can be seen by referring to following emerging trend in business :-
® All big companies appoint professional managers at all levels, i.e. they appoint MBA qualified persons to perform managerial activities.
® Many India companies taken initiative to replace family members by professional managers.
® In public undertakings, management is in effect by professional managers. They appoint professional experts except in departmental undertakings such as Railways, Posts and Telegraph Department, which are controlled by ministers.
® Proprietary managers are becoming more interested in acquiring latest knowledge and technique of management. They are sending their relatives abroad to do managerial courses.
® All over the world, management is widely taught in the universities and management institutions. There are a large number of books on management. A number of journals specialise in various aspects of management problems.
® There are various formal training institutions which provide managerial training programmes, e.g. India Institutes of Management (IIMs) at Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Bangalore, etc., Post-Graduate Departments of Management; Colleges of Management in different parts of India.
Ans. 6. Co-ordination is the process of achieving unity of action among interdependent activities & harmonious implementation of plans for the achievement of desired goals. In the light of above statement the nature of co-ordination can be summarised as :-
® Synchronisation of different actions or efforts of the various units of an organisation.
® This provides the requisite amount, quality, timing and sequence of efforts.
® This ensures that planned objectives are achieved with a minimum of conflict.
nice work done sir
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